MJA-Lancet Countdown report 2023 – Resource

Healthcare sector emissions in Australia 2023,
– Australia is ranked eleventh highest in the world in terms of the nation’s health care sector position with respect to its per capita greenhouse gas emissions
– In 2020, Australia’s total emissions were 28.9 Mt, which includes emissions from a range of greenhouse gases that are emitted directly by the health sector, and emissions resulting from the demand of goods and services for running health care operations.
– there has been a 30% increase in total emissions in 2020 and a 28% increase in per capita emissions from 878.3 kg per capita in 2019 to 1125.2 kg per capita in 2020, compared to 2019.

PM2.5 air pollution in Australian cities between 2000 and 2023, MJA-Lancet Countdown report 2023
– The average city exposure in Australia has generally declined over time but has major fluctuations as a result of bushfires and dust storms
– Some states experience significant seasonal variations — due to the dry season in the Northern Territory and the use of wood heaters in the cooler southern regions
– The annual average PM2.5 concentrations in Australian cities were lower than in cities from many other countries (which can be as high as 35 μg/m3 annual average) but are still above the latest WHO annual air quality guideline of 5 μg/m3 but mostly below the Australian advisory reporting standard of 8 μg/m3

Increasing exposure to bushfires in Australia
After the 2019–20 Black Summer bushfires, Australians have been exposed to lower bushfire danger conditions. Nevertheless, the overall trend shows an increase over time in the exposure to very high or extremely high bushfire danger, with average annual exposure in the past ten years (2013–2022) considerably increasing to 33.6 days per person from 27.5 days per person in the previous ten years (2003–2012).